1978-present   The Pennsylvania State University, Political Science Department, University Park, PA Position: Associate Professor to Professor

1982-1983      U.S. Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute, Carlisle, PA (on leave) Position: Visiting Research Professor

1977-1978      Cornell University, Center for International Studies, Ithaca, NY Position: Senior Research Associate

1975-1977      U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Non-Proliferation and International Relations, Washington, DC Position: Senior Research Associate

1970-1975      Kalamazoo College, Political Science Department, Kalamazoo, MI Position: Instructor to Assistant Professor

1966-1968      U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Secretariat, Washington, DC Position: Administrative Assistant